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Abstract Detail



Systematics Section/ASPT

Williams, Evelyn [1], Zerega, Nyree J.C. [2].

A revised and expanded phylogeny of Artocarpus (Moraceae) and its biogeographic implications.

The Southeast Asian genus Artocarpus (Moraceae) contains approximately 60 species, many of which are edible or used for lumber on a regional scale, and two species that are of significant economic importance: breadfruit (A. altilis) and jackfruit (A. heterophyllus). The last monograph of the genus was published in 1960, and divided the genus into several subgenera, sections, and series based on morphological characters. Since then, nearly a dozen new species have been described, and several floras have used different species circumscriptions. Recent phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus using a chloroplast and nuclear marker found that the genus Prainea is nested with Artocarpus and that many of the intrageneric rankings do not represent monophyletic lineages. However, only 50% of taxa were sampled and many relationships remained unresolved. Here we used six chloroplast regions and two nuclear markers (matK, rbcL, trnL-F, trnS-G, trnV-ndhC, trnH-psbA; ITS, G3PDH) to present the most complete Artocarpus phylogeny, with nearly 75% taxon sampling within the genus and include outgroups representing all proposed Artocarpeae genera as well as taxa from all of the Moraceae tribes. We used maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference on the full partitioned dataset in order to test whether increased taxon sampling and data increased resolution and continued to support the monophyly of Artocarpus. We also tested the current generic and intrageneric classifications. We found that major divisions within Artocarpus are resolved and supported, but some polytomies persist. The genus Prainea is confirmed as nested within Artocarpus as suggested by previous studies. Replication within taxa also allowed us to examine relationships of subspecies as well as among highly morphologically variable, wide-ranging taxa, some of which are recognized as separate species in various floras. In particular, subspecies of A. nitidus are not monophyletic and are distributed throughout section Pseudojaca. Finally, the phylogeny allows us to explore the implications for character evolution and the biogeography of the genus in Southeast Asia.

Broader Impacts:


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1 - Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, IL, 60022, USA
2 - Northwestern University / Chicago Botanic Garden, Plant Biology and Conservation, 2205 Tech Drive, 2-144 Hogan, Evanston, IL, 60208, United States

Keywords:
breadfruit
plastid sequences
Low-copy nuclear gene
Brassicaceae tribes.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper:Papers for Sections
Session: 5
Location: Rosedown/Riverside Hilton
Date: Monday, July 29th, 2013
Time: 11:30 AM
Number: 5012
Abstract ID:429
Candidate for Awards:George R. Cooley Award


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